WILDERNESS FIRST AID

1. What signs and symptoms would indicate increasing intracranial pressure in a
head-injury victim?

A) Memory loss
B) Vomiting and nausea
C) Seizure
D) All of the above
2. Which of the following first aid procedures are correct for an amputated part in
a wilderness setting?

A) Rinse the part, wrap in dry sterile gauze, put in a plastic bag, keep cool, take it to
the hospital with the patient.
B) Rinse the part well, wrap it in newspaper, keep it warm, and take it to the hospital
with the patient.
C) Do not rinse the part, cool it, and take it to the hospital with the patient.
D) Do not rinse the part, wrap in with gauze, put in a plastic bag, take it with you to
the hospital.
3. To manage a multiple rib fracture:

A) bind the chest tightly.
B) splint the fractured ribs with a board splint.
C) splint by taping a bulky dressing over the area.
D) do nothing, because of breathing.
4. Which of the following is a sign or symptom of a brown recluse spider bite?

A) Severe muscle pain
B) Ulcer formation at the bite site
C) Heavy sweating
D) Faint bite marks
5. A tear or stretch of a ligament occurs in what injury?

A) Dislocation
B) Sprain
C) Strain
D) None of the above
6. The particular item that is placed directly on the wound is referred to as the:

A) dressing
B) bandage.
C) compress.
D) gauze.
7. Which of the following are signs and symptoms of a fracture?

A) Deformity
B) Swelling
C) Crepitus
D) All of the above
8. The space between the lungs and the chest wall is known as the:

A) tracheal space
B) bronchial space
C) pleural space
D) membrane
9. Which of the following are signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood
sugar)?

A) Gradual onset
B) Sudden onset
C) Extreme thirst
D) Frequent urination
10. Soak an injured part in hot water for approximately 30 to 90 minutes for which
puncture:

A) sea urchin.
B) catfish.
C) sting ray.
D) all the above.
11. Anaphylaxis is a special type of shock and must be treated with:

A) aspirin.
B) antibiotics.
C) epinephrine.
D) codeine.
12. When using good lifting techniques, which of the following is an incorrect
procedure?

A) Lift with your leg muscles not your back muscles.
B) Bend your knees when lifting an object.
C) Place both feet together for a stronger base to lift from
D) Keep the weight of the lift close to you to avoid strain injury or problems.
13. First aid for fractures includes:

A) squeezing the bone to assess pain.
B) checking the carotid and radial pulse.
C) splinting the fracture.
D) all of the above.
14. To check for breathing in an unresponsive victim, you should:

A) keep the airway open.
B) place your ear over victim’s mouth and nose.
C) look, listen, and feel for breathing.
D) all of the above.
15. The only visible sign of Lyme disease is:

A) an ulcer at the bite site.
B) a red bull’s eye rash at the bite site.
C) a bruise at the bite site.
D) a large red bump at the bite site.
16. If a dressing becomes blood-soaked, what should be done?

A) Replace the old dressing with a new one.
B) Apply another dressing on top of the old one.
C) Apply a pressure bandage over the dressing.
D) Apply greater pressure to the wound.
17. The following signs or symptoms indicate what type of problem? The pupils
become unequal, pulse slows, breathing becomes irregular and the temperature
rises.

A) TIA
B) Increased intracranial pressure
C) Angina
D) Hyperglycemia
18. A _____ is what a victim tells you is wrong with them.

A) sign
B) symptom
C) triage
D) diagnostic
19. The type of shock due to a severe allergic reaction is:

A) septic.
B) hypovolemic.
C) anaphylactic
D) neurogenic.
20. The following treatment procedure is for what medical problem? Administer a
nitroglycerin tablet, and have the patient relax, if possible. Provide supplemental
oxygen if available.

A) Stroke
B) Angina
C) Migraine
D) Coronary thrombosis
21. With a clavicle fracture, the victim usually holds the injured arm:

A) down along the side of the body.
B) out to the side.
C) across the chest.
D) straight in front of the body.
22. When the rescuer is working with a known diabetic with an altered mental
status, glucose or sugar can be placed where?

A) On the tongue
B) Rubbed on the face or chest
C) Between the cheek and gum
D) In the nose
23. A triangular, flat head wider than the neck, elliptical pupils, and a heat-sensitive
pit between the eye and nostril are all characteristics of:

A) coral snakes.
B) cobra snakes.
C) pit viper snakes.
D) king snakes.
24. What type of poisoning can occur with the following events? On a cold wet day
the hikers decided to cook lunch on their stove inside of the tent.

A) Absorbed poison
B) Ingested poison
C) Inhaled poison
D) Injected poison
25. When applied, first aid may mean the difference between:

A) life and death.
B) rapid recovery and long hospitalization
C) temporary and permanent injury
D) all the above
26. Most ankle sprains occur when the foot turns _____ and stress is placed on the
_____ of the ankle.

A) inward, outside
B) inward, inside
C) outward, outside
D) outward, inside
27. What is the purpose of a bandage?

A) To hold a dressing in place
B) To add pressure to the wound if necessary
C) To support an area if needed
D) All the above
28. The type of shock due to severe bleeding is:

A) septic.
B) hypovolemic.
C) anaphylactic.
D) neurogenic.
29. What medical condition is represented by the following signs and symptoms?
The patient has low blood pressure and a weak, rapid pulse, is physically weak,
shaking, sweating, and is breathing irregularly.

A) Hyperthermia
B) Diabetic ketoacidosis
C) Shock
D) Stroke
30. On a hike, Joe ate some mushrooms that he was not certain were safe. Shortly
after he ate them, he began having severe stomach cramps, nausea, and
diarrhea. How would you treat Joe’s problem?

A) Place the victim on his left side.
B) Evacuate as soon as possible.
C) Attempt to obtain a sample of the mushroom.
D) All of the above.
31. Distal circulation can be checked by:

A) feeling for the radial pulse for an arm injury.
B) feeling for the posterior tibial pulse for a leg injury.
C) using the capillary refill test on the injured extremity.
D) all of the above.
32. Check an unresponsive adult’s pulse:

A) at the carotid on the side of the neck.
B) at the radial pulse on the wrist.
C) at the brachial pulse on the inner arm.
D) all of the above.
33. What is the purpose of a dressing?

A) To control bleeding
B) To prevent infection
C) To absorb blood and wound secretions
D) All the above
34. The normal heart rate for an average adult is:

A) 80 to 100 beats per minute.
B) 60 to 100 beats per minute.
C) 90 to 110 beats per minute.
D) 100 to 140 beats per minute.
35. The average respiratory rate per minute of an adult is:

A) 6 to 10 breaths per minute.
B) 12 to 20 breaths per minute.
C) 60 to 90 breaths per minute.
D) 12 to 40 breaths per minute.
36. Blisters appear with what degree of burn?

A) 1st degree
B) 2nd degree
C) 3rd degree
D) 4th degree
37. A wound with the greatest risk of serious infection is?

A) An Abrasion
B) A Laceration
C) A Puncture
D) An Avulsion
38. What step of victim assessment is performed to identify life-threatening
conditions?

A) Victim’s history
B) Initial assessment (primary survey)
C) Physical exam
D) None of the above
39. Descent is the most important treatment for which type of sickness?

A) HAPE
B) HACE
C) AMS
D) All of the above
40. A stroke occurs when:

A) the heart muscle does not get as much blood as it needs.
B) the blood supply to part of the heart muscle is severely reduced or stopped.
C) blood vessels to the brain rupture or become plugged.
D) the brain’s cells receive abnormal stimulation.
41. The most important management of a Portuguese man-of-war sting is to:

A) immediately rinse with sea water.
B) rub the tentacles off.
C) give aspirin.
D) apply ice.
42. The major life-threatening problem associated with stings or bites is:

A) psychological fright that causes cardiac arrest.
B) anaphylactic reaction.
C) major bleed from the bite.
D) the area that is affected will die.
43. What should the rescuer look for during the scene survey?

A) Hazards that could be dangerous to the rescuer, the victim(s) or other persons
B) The mechanism or cause of the injury
C) The number of injured persons
D) All of the above
44. The reason a fracture would become serious is when:

A) it has serious bleeding.
B) it interferes with circulation of that area.
C) it interferes with the nerve supply of that area.
D) all of the above.
45. Flushed, dry, warm skin and a fruity breath odor are signs of:

A) hypoglycemia.
B) ketoacidosis
C) seizure.
D) stroke
46. The condition where air fills a portion of chest cavity is called:

A) pneumothorax.
B) hemothorax.
C) open pneumothorax.
D) tension pneumothorax.
47. The spleen is located in which quadrant of the abdomen?

A) Upper right
B) Upper left
C) Lower right
D) Lower left
48. The first method used to control external bleeding should be:

A) direct pressure.
B) elevation.
C) pressure points.
D) tourniquet.
49. Hot and dry skin is an indication of:

A) heat exhaustion.
B) hypothermia.
C) shock.
D) heat stroke.
50. With any scalp wound, the first aider should be alert for:

A) potential spinal injury.
B) rapid constriction of the scalp’s blood vessels.
C) diminished blood supply to the brain.
D) blood dripping into the eyes.
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